The tsuba is usually a round or occasionally squarish guard at the end of the grip of bladed Japanese weapons, like the katana and its various declinations, tachi, wakizashi, tanto, naginata etc. They contribute to the balance of the weapon and to the protection of the hand. The tsuba was mostly meant to be used to prevent the hand from sliding onto the blade during thrusts as opposed to protecting from an opponent's blade. Tsuba are usually finely decorated, and nowadays are collectors' items. Tsuba were made by whole dynasties of craftsmen whose only craft was making tsuba. They were usually lavishly decorated. In addition to being collectors items, they were often used as heirlooms, passed from one generation to the next. The kashira is a butt cap (or pommel) on the end of the tsuka. The Fuchi is a cap type collar or ferrule which covers the opening in the handle tsuka of a Japanese sword. The tang of the sword goes into the handle through a hole in the fuchi. The menuki is ornaments on the tsuka (generally under the tsuka-ito); to fit into the palm for grip. You can use it to DIY your sword and make your sword unique.
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