Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is one of the traditional and the most recognized herbal plants in Europe and in the world. This species comes from the southeastern part of Europe and nowadays it can also be found in Asia, Australia, North Africa and North America. Inflorescences (flowers) of camomile are a part of many herbal teas and preparations available in drugstores and pharmacies. The raw material of the wild camomile is Anthodium chamomillae, which should be harvested at the beginning of full flowering. The best method is the collection with the use of special combs that enable to separate Anthodium chamomillae from herb.. In the organic cultivation of camomile, the use of herbicides and other plant protection products is forbidden. The highest content of bisabolol (the most important component of the oil with anti-inflammatory properties) is observed in camomile dried in shaded places at a temperature of up to 35 °C. Camomile inflorescences Inflorescences should be complete with a natural color and characteristic smell. The oil content varies from 0.5 to 1.5% and this is crucial for the beneficial effects of this plant. Camomile oil is used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Camomile and preparations based on this plant are valued ingredients of creams, shampoos and bath additives. The plant is also a valued raw material in homeopathy. The anti-inflammatory effect of camomile is determined by the presence of α-bisabolol and matricaria, which forms a blue colored chamazulen during the steam distillation process. The other active substances are flavonoids, coumarins, choline and mucus. Anthodium chamomillae is a component of many herbal mixtures and teas. It is also often used as a mono-herb for brewing.
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